Ribes

Ribes /ˈraɪbiːz/[5] is a genus of about 200 known species of flowering plants native throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.[2] The various species are known as currants or gooseberries, and some are cultivated for their edible fruit or as ornamental plants. Ribes is the only genus in the family Grossulariaceae.

Ribes is the single genus in the Saxifragales family Grossulariaceae. Although once included in the broader circumscription of Saxifragaceae sensu lato, it is now positioned as a sister group to Saxifragaceae sensu stricto.[7]

First treated on a worldwide basis in 1907,[8] the infrageneric classification has undergone many revisions,[9] and even in the era of molecular phylogenetics there has been contradictory evidence.[6] Although sometimes treated as two separate genera, Ribes and Grossularia (Berger 1924),[10] the consensus has been to consider it as a single genus, divided into a number of subgenera, the main ones of which are subgenus Ribes (currants) and subgenus Grossularia (gooseberries), further subdivided into sections.[9] Janczewski (1907) considered six subgenera and eleven sections.[8] Berger’s twelve subgenera based on two distinct genera (see Senters & Soltis (2003) Table 1) have subsequently been demoted to sections.[7][6] Weigend (2007) elevated a number of sections to produce a taxonomy of seven subgenera; Ribes (sections Ribes, Heretiera, Berisia) Coreosma, Calobotrya (sections Calobotrya, Cerophyllum), Symphocalyx, Grossularioides, Grossularia, Parilla.[11][12]

Some authors continued to treat Hesperia and Lobbia as subgenera.[13][6] Early molecular studies suggested that subgenus Grossularia was actually embedded within subgenus Ribes.[14] Analysis of combined molecular datasets confirms subgenus Grossularia as a monophyletic group, with two main lineages, sect. Grossularia and another clade consisting of glabrous gooseberies, including Hesperia, Lobbia and Robsonia. Other monophyletic groups identified were Calobotrya, Parilla, Symphocalyx and Berisia. However sections Ribes, Coreosma and Heritiera were not well supported. Consequently, there is insufficient resolution to justify further taxonomic revision.[6]