The foreign-affairs policies

The foreign-affairs policies of the monarchy dealt with issues with the countries of the Southern Cone with whom Brazil had borders. Long after the
Cisplatine War that resulted in independence for Uruguay,[100] Brazil won three international wars during the 58-year reign of Pedro II. These were the Platine War, the Uruguayan War and the devastating Paraguayan War, the largest war effort in Brazilian history.[101][102]
Although there was no desire among the majority of Brazilians to change the country’s form of government,[103] on 15 November 1889,
in disagreement with the majority of Army officers, as well as with rural and financial elites (for different reasons), the monarchy was overthrown by a military coup.[104] 15 November is now Republic Day, a national holiday.[105]