The climate of Brazil

The climate of Brazil comprises a wide range of weather conditions across a large area and varied topography, but most of the country is tropical.[16] According to the Köppen system, Brazil hosts six major climatic subtypes: desert, equatorial, tropical, semiarid, oceanic and subtropical. The different climatic conditions produce environments ranging from equatorial rainforests in the north and semiarid deserts in the northeast, to temperate coniferous forests in the south and tropical savannas in central Brazil.[180] Many regions have starkly different microclimates.[181][182]

An equatorial climate characterizes much of northern Brazil. There is no real dry season, but there are some variations in the period of the year when most rain falls.[180] Temperatures average 25 °C (77 °F),[182] with more significant temperature variation between night and day than between seasons.[181]

Over central Brazil rainfall is more seasonal, characteristic of a savanna climate.[181] This region is as extensive as the Amazon basin but has a very different climate as it lies farther south at a higher altitude.[180] In the interior northeast, seasonal rainfall is even more extreme.[183]